鲁达 1
Iran’s incoming① president vows tough line on missiles and militias②
伊朗当选总统在导弹和民兵组织问题上态度强硬
Iran’s newly chosen president, in his first news conference, on Monday rejected the United States’ push for a broader deal with the Islamic Republic that would restrict its ballistic missiles③ program and curb its regional military policies in addition to containing its nuclear program. President-elect Ebrahim Raisi, a conservative cleric, said that Iran’s ballistic missiles and its regional policies were “nonnegotiable” and that he would not meet with President Biden. He called on the United States to comply with a 2015 accord④ in which Iran agreed to limit its nuclear program in return for the lifting of economic sanctions against it. “My serious recommendation to the U.S. government is to immediately return to their commitments, lift all the sanctions and show that they have good will,” he said in a briefing with domestic and international reporters in Tehran. (The New York Times)
6月21日，伊朗当选总统在其首次新闻发布会上拒绝了美国扩大谈判的提议，美方的要求除限制伊朗核计划外，还包括管束其弹道导弹计划及地区军事政策。当选总统易卜拉欣·莱希是一名保守派神职人员，他声称伊朗弹道导弹及地区政策问题“不容协商”，他不会与拜登总统会晤。他要求美国遵守2015年签订的协议，其中伊朗同意限制其核计划以解除经济制裁。在德黑兰与国内外记者的发布会上，莱希说：“我向美国政府郑重建议，立即遵守原先的承诺，取消对伊朗的所有制裁，以此表明美国的诚意。”
【注释】
① incoming: [ˈɪnkʌmɪŋ] adj. recently elected or chosen 新当选的；新任的
② militia: [məˈlɪʃə] n. a group of people who are not professional soldiers but who have had military training and can act as an army 民兵组织；国民卫队
③ ballistic missile: [bəˌlɪstɪk ˈmɪsaɪl] n. a missile that is fired into the air at a particular speed and angle in order to fall in the right place 弹道导弹
④ accord: [əˈkɔːd] n. a formal agreement between two organizations, countries, etc. 协议；条约
(Credit: The New York Times)
2
Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven ousted① in no-confidence vote
瑞典首相勒文遭议会不信任投票罢免
Sweden’s parliament backed a no-confidence vote against Prime Minister Stefan Löfven on Monday, making him the first Swedish premier to be ousted by a motion② put forth by opposition lawmakers. The Social Democrat leader has a week to resign and hand the speaker③ the job of finding a new government, or call a snap election④. The nationalist Sweden Democrats had seized the chance to call the vote after the Left Party withdrew support for the center-left government over a plan to ease rent controls for new-build apartments. Löfven’s party was in a minority coalition⑤ with the Green Party and relied on support in parliament from two smaller center-right parties—the Centre Party and the Liberals—and the Left Party. The no-confidence motion, which required 175 votes in the 349-seat parliament to pass, was supported by 181 lawmakers. Speaking in parliament on Monday, Löfven said Sweden was now in a “difficult political situation.” (CNN)
6月21日，瑞典议会通过了对首相斯特凡·勒文的不信任投票，勒文成为首位被反对派提出的动议罢免的瑞典首相。这位社会民主党领袖可在一周内辞职，责成议长组建新政府，或要求提前选举。因瑞典政府计划放松对新建公寓的租金控制，左翼党撤回对中左翼政府的支持，持民族主义的瑞典民主党抓住机会，要求展开不信任投票。勒文所属的社会民主党与绿党组成了少数派联盟，在议会中需依靠两个较小的中右翼政党（中央党和自由党）以及左翼党的支持。不信任投票动议需在议会349位议员中获得175票才能通过，本次获181票。21日，勒文在议会发言时说，瑞典正处于“困难的政治局面”。
【注释】
① oust: [aʊst] v. to force somebody out of a job or position of power, especially in order to take their place 剥夺；罢免；革职
② motion: [ˈməʊʃn] n. a formal proposal that is discussed and voted on at a meeting 动议；提议
③ speaker: [ˈspiːkə(r)] n. the title of the person whose job is to control the discussions in a parliament （议会的）议长
④ snap election: [snæp ɪˈlekʃn] n. an election that the ruler or party which is in power calls before the regularly scheduled election time, in order to serve a political purpose 提前选举
⑤ coalition: [ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn] n. the act of two or more groups joining together 联合；结合；联盟
(Credit: Reuters)
3
New £50 note featuring Alan Turing goes into circulation
英国发行印有图灵肖像的新版50英镑钞票
The new £50 note goes into circulation on Wednesday, featuring Alan Turing, the scientist best known for his codebreaking work during the Second World War. He was also pivotal in the development of early computers and his work on the question of whether machines can think laid the foundations for AI. The choice to place him on the note is also designed to promote diversity. The note’s arrival is notable as it means the Bank of England has now completed its switch away from paper money. The Turing £50 will join the Churchill £5, the Austen £10 and the Turner £20, all of which are printed on polymer①, a thin and flexible plastic material that is said to last longer and stay in better condition than paper. Ruth Euling, managing director of De La Rue Currency, said it was “more challenging” to produce polymer notes, but it made financial sense. “Making cash more efficient is also an important part of keeping cash alive,” she said. (The Guardian)
6月23日，新版50英镑钞票开始流通，上面印有科学家艾伦·图灵的肖像，他因在二战期间破解德军密码而闻名。图灵还在早期计算机的开发中发挥了关键作用，他对机器能否思考这一问题的研究为人工智能奠定了基础。将图灵呈现在钞票上也是为了促进多样化。值得注意的是，该钞票进入流通意味着英格兰银行已停止使用纸制钞票。50英镑（图灵）钞票将与5英镑（丘吉尔）、10英镑（奥斯丁）、20英镑（透纳）钞票一起，全都印在聚合物上——这是一种易弯曲的薄塑料，据称比纸使用寿命更长、保存状态更好。德拉鲁货币公司总经理露特·奥伊利希称，制造聚合物钞票“更具挑战性”，但具有金融意义。她表示：“使现金更有效率也是保持其流通力的重要一环。”
【注释】
① polymer: [ˈpɒlɪmə(r)] n. a natural or artificial substance consisting of large molecules (= groups of atoms) that are made from combinations of small simple molecules 聚合物；聚合体
(Credit: WPA / Getty Images)
4
Japan’s top court rules couples must use the same surname
日本最高法院规定夫妻必须同姓
Japan’s top court on Wednesday threw out a challenge by three couples who wanted to keep their own surnames after marriage, ruling that laws stipulating① Japanese couples must choose one family name were constitutional②. The couples had argued that the provisions were discriminatory, pointing to growing public support for allowing married people to use different surnames. Debate about allowing couples to use different surnames has become a hot topic among politicians after Yoshihide Suga replaced Shinzo Abe, who is thought to have more conservative views on the issue, as prime minister last year. While some lawmakers in the ruling coalition③ support allowing couples to decide on what names they will use, a conservative wing of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has opposed it, saying such a step will damage family unity and go against tradition. (Reuters)
6月23日，日本最高法院驳回了三对夫妇关于婚后保留原姓氏的主张，裁定“夫妻必须使用相同姓氏”的法规符合宪法。三对夫妇认为这样的条款反映了性别歧视，指出越来越多的公众支持允许夫妻使用不同姓氏。去年菅义伟接替安倍晋三担任首相后，是否允许夫妇使用不同姓氏已成为日本政界的热点议题，据信安倍在该问题上更为保守。虽然执政联盟中的一些议员支持夫妇自行决定姓氏，但执政党自民党中的保守派却表示反对，认为该做法会破坏家庭团结、违背传统。
【注释】
① stipulate: [ˈstɪpjuleɪt] v. to state clearly and firmly that something must be done, or how it must be done 规定；明确要求
② constitutional: [ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃənl] adj. allowed or limited by the constitution of a country or an organization 宪法准许的；受宪法限制的；受章程限制的
③ coalition: [ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn] n. a government formed by two or more political parties working together （两党或多党）联合政府
(Credit: Kiyoshi Ota / Bloomberg)
5
Russian forces confront British warship in Black Sea military encounter
黑海武装冲突：俄军火力对抗英国战舰
A British warship became embroiled① in a confrontation with Russian forces off the coast of the disputed territory of Crimea on Wednesday. Russia says one of its warplanes dropped bombs and a patrol boat fired warning shots to turn back a British destroyer② it claims entered into its territorial waters in the Black Sea. The UK Defense Ministry denied Moscow’s accusation, saying that the vessel, HMS Defender, was making a legal and innocent passage. Russia said the ship went three kilometers miles) inside Russian territory off Cape Fiolent in Crimea just before noon local time on Wednesday. That’s a move that would likely draw the ire③ of Moscow, which annexed④ Crimea from Ukraine after a military intervention in the region in 2014. The international community opposed that annexation, and considers Crimea as Ukrainian territory. Relations between Russia and NATO allies have been tense in the Black Sea since the annexation. (CNN)
6月23日，一艘英国军舰在克里米亚争议区域附近海域与俄罗斯军队发生冲突。俄方称其一架战机投下多枚炸弹，一艘巡逻舰开火示警，以阻拦据称驶入其黑海领海的英方驱逐舰。英国国防部否认俄方指控，声称其驱逐舰“护卫者”号当时正依法无害驶过该水域。俄方表示，该舰于当地时间23日正午在克里米亚菲奥伦特角附近的俄罗斯领海内航行了3公里（1.9英里）。这一举动可能激怒俄罗斯。2014年俄对克里米亚进行军事干预，从乌克兰手中兼并了该区域。国际社会反对俄方兼并行为，认为克里米亚是乌克兰领土。自兼并以来，俄罗斯和北约盟国在黑海的关系一直紧张。
【注释】
① embroil: [ɪmˈbrɔɪl] v. to involve somebody/yourself in an argument or a difficult situation 使卷入（纠纷）；使陷入（困境）；使纠缠于
② destroyer: [dɪˈstrɔɪə(r)] n. a small fast ship used in war, for example to protect larger ships 驱逐舰
③ ire: [ˈaɪə(r)] n. anger 愤怒；怒气
④ annex: [əˈneks] v. to take control of a country, region, etc., especially by force 强占，并吞（国家、地区等）
(Credit: CNN)
6
AI helps return Rembrandt’s The Night Watch to original size
人工智能恢复伦勃朗名画《夜巡》完整面貌
The Night Watch by Rembrandt has enraptured millions visiting Amsterdam’s Rijksmuseum over the centuries. But it is only from this Wednesday, thanks to the use of artificial intelligence to recapture some of the Dutch master’s genius, including the sweep of his brush strokes① and perspective② of his eye, that it can for the first time in 300 years be enjoyed in its complete form. In 1715, three-quarters of a century after it was painted, the canvas③ was trimmed so that the masterpiece might fit between two doors at Amsterdam’s city hall. But using high-resolution photography, computer learning of Rembrandt’s techniques and a contemporary④ copy of the full painting by Gerrit Lundens, the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam was able to reproduce the work in all its glory. “It is wonderful to be able to now see with our own eyes The Night Watch as Rembrandt intended it to be seen,” said Taco Dibbits, director of the Rijksmuseum. (The Guardian)
几世纪以来，伦勃朗的《夜巡》吸引了阿姆斯特丹国立博物馆的数百万参观者。不过，从6月23日起，300年来首次，观众得以借助人工智能一睹其原貌。这位荷兰大师的技艺将得以重现，包括其笔触及透视画法。1715年（画作完成75年后），为能安放在阿姆斯特丹市政厅两扇门之间的墙面空间，该杰作被裁切。但阿姆斯特丹国立博物馆通过高分辨率摄影，运用电脑学习伦勃朗的绘画技法及同时代画家赫里茨·伦登临摹的完整作品，得以重现《夜巡》的全部光彩。国立博物馆馆长塔科·迪比茨称：“现在能亲眼看到伦勃朗原本想呈现的《夜巡》，真是太棒了。”
【注释】
① stroke: [strəʊk] n. a mark made by moving a pen, brush, etc. once across a surface 一笔；一画；笔画
② perspective: [pəˈspektɪv] n. the art of creating an effect of depth and distance in a picture by representing people and things that are far away as being smaller than those that are nearer the front 透视法
③ canvas: [ˈkænvəs] n. a piece of canvas used for painting on; a painting done on a piece of canvas, using oil paints （帆布）画布；油画
④ contemporary: [kənˈtemprəri] adj. belonging to the same time 属同时期的；同一时代的
(Credit: AP Photo / Peter Dejong)
7
Derek Chauvin sentenced to 22.5 years in death of George Floyd
弗洛伊德案宣判：德雷克·肖万获刑22.5年
Derek Chauvin, the former police officer who killed George Floyd on a Minneapolis street last year, was sentenced Friday to 22 and half years in prison. Chauvin, in a light gray suit and tie and white shirt, spoke briefly before the sentence was imposed, offering his “condolences to the Floyd family.” Under Minnesota law, Chauvin will have to serve two-thirds of his sentence, or 15 years—and he will be eligible① for supervised release② for the remaining seven and a half years. The sentence exceeds the Minnesota sentencing guideline range of 10 years and eight months to 15 years for the crime. Floyd’s death sparked massive protests across the nation over police brutality. Judge Peter Cahill said the sentence was not based on emotion or public opinion. He wanted to “acknowledge the deep and tremendous pain that all of the families are feeling, especially the Floyd family,” the judge said. (CNN)
6月25日，前州警德雷克·肖万因去年在明尼阿波利斯市街头跪杀乔治·弗洛伊德获刑22年零6个月。肖万身着白衬衫、浅灰色西装领带，在判决前进行了简短发言，表示“对弗洛伊德家人致以哀悼”。根据明尼苏达州法律，肖万必须服完三分之二的刑期（15年），其余七年半他将有资格获得监督假释。这一判决超出了明尼苏达州对罪犯的量刑指导范围，即10年零8个月至15年刑期。弗洛伊德之死引发了美国各地对警察暴力执法的大规模抗议。法官彼得·卡希尔表示，做出这一判决并非基于情感或公众意见。他说，他希望“表明所有家庭，尤其是弗洛伊德一家，确实经受了深刻且巨大的痛苦”。
【注释】
① eligible: [ˈelɪdʒəbl] adj. able to have or do something because one has the right qualifications, is the right age, etc. 有资格的；合格的；具备条件的
② supervised release: 监督假释，于1987年取代联邦假释，指犯人从监狱释放后继续受到监督直到服满刑期。
(Credit: CNN)
北京化工大学
杨云千 编译
王润泽 朗读
张菊 审订