鲁达
元音
1. 长短：/i:/ /ɪ/ /ɜ:/ /ə/ /ɔ:/ /ɔ/ /U:/ /ʊ/
2. 大小：/e/ /æ/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ/
3. I组：/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/
4. U组：/əʊ/ /aʊ/
5. ə组：/ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/
清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /ts/ /h/
浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /dz/ /r/ /m//n/ /ŋ/ /ǀ/ /w/
/j/
注：s与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化, /p/ /t/ /k/ 它们浊化后，分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/
二．26个字母在单词中的具体发音
a
1./ei/ name able cake table take date
2./æ/ apple cat map am match matter sad and angry
3./ɑ: / dance last pass plant
4./כ/ want what watch wash
5./ə/ a arrive along alike aloud
e
1./i:/ he she me evening meter
2./e/ elephant egg bed pen best get empty February next
then send
3./i/ enjoy English eleven because forest
i
1./ai / fine bike five ice climber hiking kind
2./i/ is sit miss pig picture interesting ill dinner him listen
pick river
o
1./əu / old home nose coke tomato tofu over hold piano
2./כ/ dog not clock box robot on from forest often stop
3./ʌ/ son month mother love young
4./u:/ who do whose
u
1./ju: / use usually excuse menu
2./ʌ/bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must
3./ u / put pull helpful
b /b/ book big bag box
c
1./k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes
2./s/ face nice pencil city cinema
d /d/ desk doll dog dad day don’t dish does deep
f /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funny
g
1./ɡ/ gun glass glad go get
2./dʒ / age orange village
h /h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospital
j / dʒ/ jeep jacket jump Jan. July June
k /k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake like
l
1./l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play
2./l/ apple bowl tell old tail whale
m /m/ am map my mouth milk
n
1./n/ no know new hand
2./ŋ/ thank think thing uncle swing
p /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policeman
q /kw/ quite quilt quick
r /r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror library
s
1./s/ sit miss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass
2./z/ nose those rose rulers season
t /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plant
v /v/ five very seven village live
w /w/ we window watch want wait water Wednesday winter with
x /ks/ box six fox relax
y
1./ai /my fly why bye
2./ j / yes yellow young yesterday
3./ i /happy baby very windy snowy study
z / z / zoo zero
三、常见字母组合
（一）元音组合
ai /ei/ wait paint
ay /ei/ may play day say
air /εə / air hair chair
al /ɔ:/ tall small ball
ar /α: / farther farm car arm
ea ①/i:/ meat please tea read ②/e/ head bread ready ③/iə/ theater
ear ①/ iə / ear hear near ②/εə/ bear ③/ə:/ earth
ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep
eir /εə/ their
er ①/ə/ worker teacher ② /ə:/ her
ere ①/iə/ here ②/εə/ where there
ew ①/ju: / new few ②/u: / flew grew
ight /ai / right high bright
ir /ə: / bird girl shirt thirty
oa /əu/ boat coat
ong /oŋ/ long song
oo ①/u/ book foot good ②/u:/ moon balloon
or ①/ɔ:/ short fork port ②/ə: / word world work
oor /ɔ:/ door floor
ore /ɔ:/ more store sore
ou /au/ out house mouth
our ①/ɔ:/ four your ② /auə/ our
ow ① /əu/ bowl window ② /au/ now cow flower
oy /oi/ boy toy
ur /ə: / turn
（二）辅音组合
th ① /θ/ thank mouth ② / δ/ this that with
tr /tr/ tree train truck
dr /dr/ dress driver
sh /∫/ shirt wash short
ch ①/t∫/ child chair catch ② / k / school Christmas ③ / dз/ sandwich
tw /tw/ two twin twenty
wh ① /w/ white wheel what ② /h/ who whose whom
ts /ts/ jackets kites
ds /dz/ birds friends
（三）特殊组合 tion /∫n/ question nation
（二）．根据音标写单词：
[fa:] _______ [da:ns] _______ [mu:n] _______[kait] _______ [′hæpinis ] _________ [′priti] _______[′fæmili] _______ [tə′geðə] _______ [fɔks][tju:b] [flai] [flæg] _______['mu:nkeik] _______ ['indiə] _______ ['djuəriŋ] _______[snəu] _______ ['si:zn] _______ [di'liʃəs] _______['jestədei] _______ [in'dʒɔi]_______ ['mid,ɔ:təm] _______[tʃeindʒ] _______ ['deindʒə] ______ ['nɔizi] _______[mju(:)'ziəm] _______（三）根据音标写句子：
1. auə kla:s iz nɔt veri big . __________________________
2. bʌt its aiz a: nɔt big . __________________________
3. ðɛə a: siks kla:siz in greid wʌn .
______________________________________________________
4. wi: kæn si: it æt ðə zu: . ___________________________