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第二季：Theaquarium
（适合慈鲷的水族箱）
（一）概述和照明
Tanganyika cichlids need their ownaquarium, or at least a tank in which they are the dominant fishes. More oftenthan not the size of the aquarium seems to be dependent on the available spacein the room in which it is to be sited, but remember, the larger the better: alarge aquarium is easier to maintain than a small one. A larger volume of waterhas a much greater buffering capacity, so that fluctuations in water qualityand chemistry take place at a slower rate.（微信公共账号：观赏鱼世界）
坦干依喀湖慈鲷需要用单独的水族箱进行饲养，如果没有办法单独饲养，至少要保证它们在水族箱饲养的鱼群中占据主要的、优势的地位。在选择水族箱时，虽然较小的水族箱有利于在屋子中摆放，但请记住更大的水族箱更有利于饲养鱼类，因为：一个较大的水体具有更好的缓冲性，水质和其他化学指标变化也更加缓慢。
When placing a large aquarium(more than 600liters) it is advisable to position it at a comparatively low level – 30~50 cmrather than the standard 90 cm – as it will then not seem to dominate or shrinkthe interior of the room. The aquarium should not receive direct sunlight, atleast not at midday, or the resulting algal growth on the glass may call for adaily clean-up. Daylight should always be prevented from entering through theback of the aquarium(see background).
当使用一个较大的水族箱（超过600公升）可以把它放置在一个距离地面比较矮的位置——距地面30~50CM，而不是与其他水族箱一样放置在距地面90CM的地方，这样可以让房间内的空间看起来相对宽敞。还要注意，水族箱的前部最好不要被阳光直射，至少不可以被正午的阳光直射，否则即使每天清理，玻璃上还是会长满水藻。而水族箱的背部最好永远不要被阳光照射到（见下文对背景板的介绍）。
Conserving water and energy is aresponsibility many of us have learned to live with, and aquarists should payparticular attention to this principle. It saves water and electricity and, ofcourse, money in tour wallet. Two simple things should be done to drasticallyreduce the water and energy consumption of an aquarium. One is to cover thetank with sheets of glass or some other clear material to prevent evaporation:it is not so much the loss of water, but more the loss of heat caused by waterevaporating, that is the important factor. The other thing to do is to insulatethe aquarium unless it is sited in a special fish room maintained at a constanttemperature, in which case the room should be insulated.（微信公共账号：观赏鱼世界）
我们中的许多人已经在日常生活中学会节约水和电，并把这当作一种责任，在水族领域我们尤其应该坚持这个原则。当然，节省下的钱可以用来旅行。有两个做法可以有效降低水族箱的能耗。其中一个是为水族箱添加玻璃盖板或用其他透明材料来减少水分蒸发：这不仅可以节水，也可以减少由于水分蒸发造成的热损失。另一个是尽量为水族箱做好保温措施，当然如果水族箱是放置在一个温度恒定保温措施良好的房间里，也是可以的。
Complete insulation of the tank is neitherpossible nor necessary. Dramatic heat conservation can be achieved by placing4-cm-thick Styrofoam sheet around the aquarium. First of all the tank is placedon Styrofoam, then the back and ends(unless required, uncovered, for viewing)are insulated. Most heat loss, however, is via the top of the aquarium, and forthis reason the canopy should be insulated as well. Custom-built aquarium hoodsare easily insulated on the inside, but most types bought with the tank arenot.
彻底的完全的隔热是不可能的也是不必要的。有效的隔热保护可以通过在水族箱周围放置4CM厚的塑料泡沫板来实现。只要将塑料泡沫板放置在水族箱四周就可以起到很好的效果（除了那些处于观赏需要而没有盖子的水族箱）。但是，因为大部分热量都是从水族箱顶部流失的，因此还是应该添加盖子以实现隔热效果。有些定制的水族是有盖子的，但大部分的水族箱都没有。
Lighting照明
In aquaria without live aquatic plants,light is not an important factor; and cichlids show better coloration, andprobably feel better, when the lighting is somewhat subdued, so, as long as wecan see what is going on in the aquarium, more than one fluorescent tube – anytype you like – is unnecessary. Aquatic plants need more light, especially whenthe aquarium is deeper than 50cm, and additional light is then mandatory tokeep the plants growing. Two or three tubes, extending the entire length of thetank, are needed for 50cm deep aquaria. Where strong lighting is necessary itis inadvisable to have a very light-colored gravel on the bottom; this is inany case unnatural, but the main reason is that cichlids will not show theirbest colors when kept in such tanks.（微信公共账号：观赏鱼世界）
当水族箱中没有水生植物时，光照不是一个重要的环境条件；而且当照明条件保持在弱光状态时，慈雕可能会觉得更舒服，表现出更艳丽的色彩与着色感，所以只要不影响观赏，就没有必要使用一根以上的荧光灯用来照明。当水族箱中有水生植物时，尤其是水族箱深度超过50CM时，需要额外增加光照来保持植物生长。值得注意的是，增加光照的同时在水族箱底部使用颜色太浅的碎石砂的做法是不可取的；这种环境是不自然的，慈鲷几乎不会在这种环境中展现最好的颜色表现。
敬请期待下一集：
The aquarium
（适合慈鲷的水族箱）
（二）装饰和植物