鲁达 根据不同感光芯片划分，我们会把机器视觉检测设备中的摄像机分为CCD和CMOS两种，CCD摄像机，CCD称为电荷耦合器件，CCD实际上只是一个把从图像半导体中出来的电子有组织地储存起来的方法；CMOS摄像机，CMOS称为“互补金属氧化物半导体，CMOS实际上只是将晶体管放在硅块上的技术，没有更多的含义。
According to the division of different photosensitive chips, we will divide the camera in the machine vision inspection equipment into CCD and CMOS two kinds, CCD camera, CCD called charge-coupled device, CCD is actually just a method to store the electrons from the image semiconductor in an organized way; CMOS camera, CMOS called " Complementary metal oxide semiconductors, CMOS are actually just the technology that puts transistors on silicon blocks, with no more meaning.
尽管CCD表示电荷耦合器件而CMOS表示互补金属氧化物半导体，但是不论CCD或者CMOS对于图像感应都没有用，真正感应的传感器称做图像半导体，CCD和CMOS传感器实际使用的都是同一种传感器图像半导体，图像半导体是一个PN结合半导体，能够转换光线的光子爆炸结合处成为成比例数量的电子。电子的数量被计算信号的电压，光线进入图像半导体得越多，电子产生的也越多，从传感器输出的电压也越高。
Although CCD represents a charge-coupled device and CMOS represents complementary metal oxide semiconductors, neither CCD nor CMOS is useful for image sensing, and truly sensing sensors are called image semiconductors, and CCD and CMOS sensors actually use the same sensor image semiconductor, Image Semiconductor is a PN binding semiconductor, capable of converting light to the photon explosion junction to become a proportional number of electrons. The number of electrons is calculated by the voltage of the signal, the more the light enters the image semiconductor, the more electrons are generated, and the higher the voltage output from the sensor.
因为人眼能看到1Lux照度以下的目标，CCD传感器通常能看到的照度范围在0.1~3Lux，是CMOS传感器感光度的3到10倍，所以目前一般CCD摄像机的图像质量要优于CMOS摄像机。CMOS可以将光敏元件、放大器、A/D转换器、存储器、数字信号处理器和计算机接口控制电路集成在一块硅片上，具有结构简单、处理功能多、速度快、耗电低、成本低等特点。
Because the human eye can see the target below the 1Lux illumination, the CCD sensor can usually see the illumination range in 0.1~3Lux, which is 3 to 10 times times the sensitivity of the CMOS sensor, so the image quality of the general CCD camera is better than that of the CMOS camera at present. CMOS can integrate photosensitive elements, amplifiers, A/D converters, memory, digital signal processors and computer interface control circuits into a silicon wafer, with simple structure, many processing functions, fast speed, low power consumption, and other characteristics.
CMOS摄像机存在成像质量差、像敏单元尺寸小、填充率低等问题，1989年后出现了有源像敏单元结构，不仅有光敏元件和像敏单元的寻址开关，而且还有信号放大和处理等电路，提高了光电灵敏度、减小了噪声，扩大了动态范围，使得一些参数与CCD摄像机相近，而在功能、功耗、尺寸和价格方面要优于CCD，逐步得到广泛的应用。
CMOS camera has the problems of poor imaging quality, small size of sensitive unit, low filling rate, 1989 years later, there is an active image-sensitive unit structure, not only photosensitive elements and image sensitive unit addressing switch, but also signal amplification and processing circuit, improve the photoelectric sensitivity, reduce noise, expand the dynamic range, Make some parameters similar to CCD camera, but in the function, power consumption, size and price is better than CCD, gradually get a wide range of applications.
CMOS传感器可以做得非常大并有和CCD传感器同样的感光度，因此非常适用于特殊应用。CMOS传感器不需要复杂的处理过程，直接将图像半导体产生的电子转变成电压信号，因此就非常快，这个优点使得CMOS传感器对于高帧摄像机非常有用，高帧速度能达到400到100000帧/秒。
CMOS sensors can be very large and have the same sensitivity as CCD sensors, making them ideal for special applications. CMOS sensors do not require complex processes to directly convert electrons generated by image semiconductors into voltage signals, so they are very fast, which makes CMOS sensors very useful for high-frame cameras, with high frame speeds of up to 400 to 100000 frames per second.
深圳市创盈时代科技有限公司是一家专注于机器视觉，视觉检测设备，CCD光学检测设备，机器视觉检测，视觉方案定制，非标自动化设备的研发生产和销售于一体的国家高新技术企业。
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