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FID来自拉丁语fidere "to trust", From PIE root *bheidh- "to trust, confide", 其变体形式有FY(defy), FEDER(federate), FEAL(fealty)
印欧词根
bheidh- To trust.
1. Probably Germanic *bidan, to
await « "to await trustingly, expect, trust"). ABIDE,
ABODE, from Old English bidan, to wait, stay.
2. FIANCE, FIDUCIal, FIDUCIARY; AFFIANCE, AFFIANT, AFFIDAVIT,
CONFIDANT, CONFIDE, CONFIDENT, DEFIANCE, DEFY, DIFFIDENT, from Latin fidere, to trust, confide, and fidus,faithful.
3. Suffixed o-grade form *bhoidh-es-. FEDERAL, FEDERATE: CONFEDERATE, from Latin foedus (stem
foeder-), treaty, league.
4. Zero-grade form *bhidh-.
FAITH, FAy3, FEALTY, FIDEISM, FIDELITY; INFIDEL, PERFIDY,
from Latin fides, faith, trust. [Pokorny l. bheidh
117.]
FID思维导图
FID相关词汇:
diffident ['dɪfɪdənt] adj. 羞怯的；缺乏自信的；谦虚谨慎的
☉ TEM8 GRE
☉拆: def(dis- not)+fid(to trust)+ent(adj后缀) -> not trust(oneself) 不信任自己的 -> 缺乏自信
☉词源
- diffident (adj.)
- mid-15c., from Latin diffidentem (nominative diffidens), present participle of diffidere (see diffidence). Related: Diffidently.
diffidence ['dɪfɪd(ə)ns] n. 无自信；羞怯；内向
☉ TEM8 GRE
☉拆: dif(not)+fid(trust)+ence(n后缀) -> 缺乏自信
☉词源
- diffidence (n.)
- c. 1400, from Latin diffidentia "mistrust, distrust, want of confidence," from diffidere "to mistrust, lack confidence," from dis- "away" (see dis-) + fidere "to trust" (see faith). Modern sense is of "distrusting oneself" (1650s). The original sense was the opposite of confidence
confide [kən'faɪd] vt. 吐露；委托 vi. 信赖；吐露秘密
☉ GRE CET6 TEM8 TOEFL
☉拆: con(completely完全地)+fid(to trust)+e -> 完全信任
☉拓展
confidant ['kɑnfɪdænt] n. 知己；密友
confidante ['kɑnfə,dænt] n. 知心女友；18世纪的一种沙发（等于confidente)
confidente [kɔnfi'dænt] n. 【家具】(18世纪的)一种沙发，中(或小)型沙发[亦作 confidante]
confiding adj. 深信不疑的，轻信别人的，推心置腹的 v. 吐露（隐私）（confide 的现在分词）
★confidence ['kɑnfɪdəns] n. 信心；信任；秘密 adj. （美）诈骗的；骗得信任的
★confidential [,kɑnfɪ'dɛnʃl] adj. 机密的；表示信任的；获信任的
☉词源
- confide (v.)
- mid-15c., "to trust or have faith," from Latin confidere "to trust in, rely firmly upon, believe" (see confidence). Meaning "to share a secret with" is from 1735; phrase confide in (someone) is from 1888. Related: Confided; confiding
fidelity [fɪ'dɛləti] n. 保真度；忠诚；精确；尽责
☉ IELTS CET6 TEM4 TOEFL
☉拆: fid(to trust)+el(al, adj后缀)+ity(...表性质) -> the quality of being trusted 可信任的品质 -> 忠诚
☉词源
- fidelity (n.)
- early 15c., "faithfulness, devotion," from Middle French fidélité (15c.), from Latin fidelitatem (nominative fidelitas) "faithfulness, adherence, trustiness," from fidelis "faithful, true, trusty, sincere," from fides "faith" (see faith). From 1530s as "faithful adherence to truth or reality;" specifically of sound reproduction from 1878.
infidel ['ɪnfədl] n. 异教徒；无信仰者 adj. 异教徒的；无宗教信仰的
☉拆: in(not)+fid(to trust)+el(adj后缀) -> 不相信宗教的 -> 无信仰者
☉拓展
infidelity [,ɪnfɪ'dɛləti] n. 无信仰，不信神；背信 TEM8
☉词源
- infidel
- mid-15c. (adjective and noun), from Middle French infidèle, from Latin infidelis "unfaithful, not to be trusted," later "unbelieving," from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + fidelis "faithful" (see fidelity). In 15c. "a non-Christian" (especially a Saracen); later "one who does not believe in religion" (1520s). Also used to translate Arabic qafir, which is from a root meaning "to disbelieve, to deny," strictly referring to all non-Muslims but virtually synonymous with "Christian;" hence, from a Muslim or Jewish point of view, "a Christian" (1530s; see kaffir)
perfidy ['pɝfədi] n. 不诚实；背信弃义
☉ GRE
☉拆: per(through, to destruction)+fid(trust/faith)+y-> 破坏信仰 -> 叛变
☉拓展
perfidious [pɚ'fɪdɪəs] adj. 背信弃义的；不忠的
☉词源
- perfidy (n.)
- 1590s, from Middle French perfidie (16c.), from Latin perfidia "faithlessness, falsehood, treachery," from perfidus "faithless," from phrase per fidem decipere "to deceive through trustingness," from per "through" (see per) + fidem (nominative fides) "faith" (see faith).
defy ['difaɪ] vt. 藐视；公然反抗；挑衅；使落空 n. 挑战；对抗
☉ GRE CET6 TEM4 考 研 TOEFL IELTS
☉拆: de(not)+fy(fid: trust) -> 不忠诚 -> 蔑视; 公然反抗
☉拓展
★defiance [dɪ'faɪəns] n. 蔑视；挑战；反抗
★defiant [dɪ'faɪənt]
☉词源
- defy (v.)
- c. 1300, "to renounce one's allegiance;" mid-14c., "to challenge, defy," from Old French defier, desfier "to challenge, defy, provoke; renounce (a belief), repudiate (a vow, etc.)," from Vulgar Latin *disfidare "renounce one's faith," from Latin dis- "away" (see dis-) + fidus "faithful," from the same root as fides "faith" (see faith).
federal ['fɛdərəl] adj. 联邦的；同盟的 n. 北部联邦同盟盟员；北京连邦软件产业发展公司，国内主要的正版软件经销商
☉ CET6 TEM4 考 研 IELTS
☉拆: feder(同盟, 联盟(彼此很信任))+al(adj后缀) -> 联盟的
☉词源
- federal (adj.)
- 1640s, as a theological term (in reference to "covenants" between God and man), from French fédéral, an adjective formed from Latin foedus (genitive foederis) "covenant, league, treaty, alliance," from PIE *bhoid-es-, from root *bheidh- "to trust" (which also is the source of Latin fides "faith;" see faith).
federate ['fɛdəret] adj. 同盟的；联邦制度下的；联合的 vt. 使结成同盟；使结成联邦 vi. 结成联邦
☉ TEM8
☉拆: feder(结盟)+ate(v/adj后缀) -> 同盟的; 结成同盟
☉拓展
confederate [kən'fɛdəret] n. 同盟国，同盟者 adj. 同盟的，联合的 vt. 使联盟；使联合；同伙；帮凶 vi. 同盟；联合
confederation [kən,fɛdə'reʃən] n. 联盟；邦联；同盟
confederacy [kən'fɛdərəsi] n. 联盟；联邦；私党
federation ['fɛdə'reʃən] n. 联合；联邦；联盟；联邦政府
☉词源
- federate (v.)
- 1814 (implied in federated), a back-formation from federation, or else from Latin foederatus "leagued, federated, combined; having a treaty, bound by treaty," past participle of foederare "to establish by treaty," from foedus "covenant, treaty, alliance" (see federal). Related: Federating. As an adjective, by 1710.
fealty ['fiːəltɪ] n. 忠诚；忠实
☉ GRE
☉拆: fe(fid: trust)+al+ty(ity n后缀) -> 忠诚; 忠实
☉词源
- fealty (n.)
- c. 1300, feaute, from Old French feauté, earlier fealte, "loyalty, fidelity; homage sworn by a vassal to his overlord; faithfulness," from Latin fidelitatem (nominative fidelitas) "faithfulness, fidelity," from fidelis "loyal, faithful" (see fidelity)
壹 句
You'r a firework. Come on show them what you are worth.
你是夜空中别样的烟火, 让世界见证你的光芒吧.
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