luda 《汤姆索亚历险记》(The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)是美国小说家马克吐温1876年发表的长篇小说。
小说的故事发生在19世纪上半世纪美国密西西比河畔的一个普通小镇上。主人公汤姆·索亚天真活泼、敢于探险、追求自由，不堪忍受束缚个性、枯燥乏味的生活，幻想干一番英雄事业。
小说的时代在南北战争前，写的虽是圣彼得堡小镇，但该镇某种程度上可以说是当时美国社会的缩影。小说通过主人公的冒险经历，对美国虚伪庸俗的社会习俗、伪善的宗教仪式和刻板陈腐的学校教育进行了讽刺和批判，以欢快的笔调描写了少年儿童自由活泼的心灵。
第一章概括 汤姆耍逗 东躲西藏
汤姆从小失去父亲，和波莉姨妈一起生活在美国一个叫圣彼得堡的小镇上。汤姆又是一个顽皮的孩子，他的第一次亮相就是被姨妈捉出来，然后文章浓墨重彩地写了两件事，一是汤姆偷着去游泳因席德的告密而未能瞒住姨妈的眼睛，第二件事是汤姆与一个陌生男孩的争斗。
CHAPTER ONE
Aunt Polly Keeps her Promise
"Tom! ... TOM!"
There was no reply.
"Now, where could that boy be?" the old woman said as she looked around the room.
"You had better hope I don't find you, because when I do ... "
Without finishing her sentence she searched the room and found only the cat under the bed. Then she thought he might be in the garden. Looking out of the window, she shouted "Thomas Sawyer!"
And suddenly she heard something behind her. Quickly turning around, she was just in time to catch a young boy trying to run out of the room.
"What were you doing just now? Why didn't you come when you heard me calling you?"
"I wasn't doing anything. Really, I wasn't."
"Well, how can I believe that when all I have to do is to look at you and see your dirty hands and face? How did you get so dirty?"
"I don't know, Aunt Polly."
"Well, I know. You've been eating junk food again, haven't you! How many times have I had to tell you not to eat sweets?!"
She raised her hand to hit Tom, but just before she brought it down on him he shouted: "Hey, there's something behind you!" And when his aunt turned to look, he ran away as fast as he could out of the house and quickly disappeared from Aunt Polly's sight. Even though she had been so angry with Tom, she couldn't help laughing and saying to herself, "That boy! He's always getting into trouble. I hate to punish him so often, and I really hate to hit him, but sometimes there's nothing else an old woman can do. He doesn't like to work and he doesn't like to go to school. He doesn't like to do anything but play. But I promised my sister before she died that I would take care of her son and make sure he grows up to be a good man; and I plan to keep that promise. If I find out he hasn't gone to school today, I'll make him work all day Saturday."
Of course, Tom did not go to school that day. He played down by the river instead. Later that evening, when he returned home late, his brother, Sid, was finishing his housework. Tom liked Sid, but hated that he was always being a "good boy" and trying to please Aunt Polly. Sid didn't know how to have fun like Tom did. He was boring.
After doing his own housework, Tom sat down to eat. During the meal his Aunt Polly began to ask questions about his afternoon at school.
"Tom, did you bring home any books to study?"
"Yes, Aunt Polly."
"Oh good. And, tell me ... did you go swimming today, Tom?"
Hearing this, Tom started to fear that she knew about his afternoon.
"No, Aunt Polly. Why do you ask?"
She put her hand on his shirt. Luckily, it was dry. But Tom knew his pants were still wet and before she could touch them he quickly said, "Because of the hot weather, some of us poured water on our heads. You know, to keep cool."
Aunt Polly believed him and was happy to hear he'd been so good.
Later that evening, as Tom was out walking and enjoying the warm summer air, he met a stranger. It was a boy, a tall boy, taller than Tom. And he was dressed well, wearing what seemed to be new clothing. He even wore shoes. Tom suddenly felt a little embarrassed about his own clothing.
Neither boy spoke. They simply stared at each other and began to walk in a circle, never looking away from the other's face. Tom felt he had to teach this boy a lesson, so he said:
"I could make you cry!"
"No, you couldn't!"
"Could!"
"Couldn't!"
"Could!"
"OK, try!"
Tom just looked at him silently for a moment and then said:
"I could make you cry like a little girl."
"Then do it! You think you're so strong!"
"I am! I'm so strong I could beat you with one hand tied behind my back!"
"I'm waiting for you to stop talking and start fighting! I think you're afraid."
"I'm not."
"You are!"
"I'm not!"
"You are!"
They began to push each other with their shoulders, again moving in a circle. And then suddenly they were fighting on the ground, hitting and kicking each other, and pulling hair. But soon Tom was on top of the new boy hitting him with his fists.
"Have you had enough?" he asked.
The boy tried to get away. He was crying angrily.
"Have you had enough?"
Then the new boy said, "OK, stop!" Tom got off of him and started to walk away, but as soon as he turned, the boy threw a rock and hit Tom in the back. The boy ran away, but Tom followed him home and waited until the boy's mother came out and yelled at Tom to go away.
When Tom arrived at his home, he had to enter through his bedroom window, because he was late and he didn't want his Aunt Polly to see him. But his aunt was waiting for him. Sid had told her about Tom's afternoon. And when she saw from his clothes that he'd been fighting, she started to plan all the work Tom would do on Saturday.