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Module 1
一、语法
1.Why don't you do.
建议2。Why notdo.坦克！
讨论3。Youshould (shouldn't) do.回答古德！
表达4。it's a good idea to do.excellent！
方法5。Try(not) to do.
6.How about/What about doing.
二、核心句子
1.You should speakEnglish in class。
2.you should writedown your mistakes in your notebooks。
3.why don ' t you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes？
4.how about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English？
5.Try not totranslate every word。
6.every one should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other。
7.it ' s a good ideato check your vocabulary notebook every day .
模块2-4
立即完成时：
1.过去发生或完成的动作对现在产生了一定的影响和结果。
2.结构：由助动词have/has动词的过去分词组成。
积极区
现在完成的肯定式是“have (has)过去分词”。
注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。
疑问句
现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。
回答：Yes, …have（has）．
No, …haven’t（hasn’t）．
否定句：
现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。
3.现在完成时的时间状语:already, just, yet, since, ever, never；
4.与一般过去时的区别：一般过去时是强调动作在过去发生，而现在完成时是强调过去发生的动作对 现在造成了影响和后果。
5.一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, just now, …ago, lastweek, 2 years ago,in 1980等。
例：
We planted (plant) someflowers in the garden last week.
I have sent (send) the letter.
He has come (come ) back home, he is watching (watch) TV now.
David finished (finish) hishomework just now.
The monkeys arefull, because we have fed (feed) them.
A: I have lost (lose) mypurse!
B. Bad luck! When did you lose (lose)it?
A: I lost (lose) it lastnight.
与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already, just, ever, yet,never
肯定句: already,just
疑问句和否定句: ever, yet,never
yet 常置于句末
already, never, everjust一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前．
例：用 already,just或never, yet完成句子
1) I have been tomany big cities, but Ihave never been to Shanghai.
2) Most of us have already finished ourcompositions.
3) Have they takendown the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .
4) He has already visited Beijingtwice.
5) I have just heard the news. Iknow it.
7.现在完成时中的for和since
（1）for + 一段时间（用Howlong提问）
We have known eachother for ten years. 我们相识10年了。
（2）since +句子/具体时间
since 引导的短语或从句用Howlong提问
①since＋过去一个时间点（具体的年、月、日、钟点等）。
Tom has eaten nothingsince yesterday.
②since +一段时间＋ago
We have been friendssince five months ago. 从5个月前起，我们就成了朋友。
③since+从句，表示“自过去某个时间、某件事情以来”，从句时态：一般过去时。
I have lived heresince I left Shanghai.
④Itis+一段时间＋since从句，表示“自从某件事发生已有一段时间了”。
It is two yearssince I left school.
8.在含for或since引导的时间状语的现在完成时中，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。非延续性动词不能直接和for或since连用。
leave --- be away die --- be dead
begin/start --- be on finish--- be over
come here --- be here go there --- be there
come back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleep
get to/ arrive/reach--- be(in) leave--- be away from
go (get) out --- be out opensth --- keep sth open
join --- bein+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构
fall ill--- be ill getup --- be up
catch a cold --- have a cold borrow--- keep
buy ---have get to know --- know
puton---wear
例：
1. The old man died 4years ago.
The old manhas been dead for 4 years.
2. It is 4 yearssince the old man died.
Four yearshas passed since the old man died.
3. He joined theParty 2 years ago.
He has beenin the Party for 2 years.
4. I bought the book5 days ago.
I have hadthe book for 5 days.
Module 5
反意疑问句：用于对某一事物或观点没有确切的把握，或者用于加强自己的观点。
陈述句＋简短的一般疑问句[助动词/be动词/情态动词＋代词]
肯定或否定 与陈述句的主语一致
肯定 否定
否定 肯定
注意：
1. 反问部分的be动词，助动词或情态动词要与陈述句部分一致。
2. 陈述句与反问句在时态和人称上要一致。
3. 陈述句部分如果为否定句或含有否定意义的词（如：nothing，never,little, few等），反问句要用肯定式；陈述句部分如果式肯定句，反问部分要用否定式。
例：
He was not at home atthat time, was he?
May listens to popseveryday, doesn’t she?
We know nothing abouthim, do we?
You haven’t heard ofhim, have you?
4. 当句子为祈使句时，反问句一般用will you，表示请求或建议对方作某事，询问对方是否愿意。
注：当祈使句为“Let’s...”结构时，用shall we 反问。
Drive more slowly,will you?
Let’s walk out of thelibrary quietly, shall we?
5. 回答：看陈述句的肯定部分，当事实为肯定时，用Yes；事实为否定时，用No。
当陈述句为否定句时，把否定部分忽略，只看肯定部分的意思。
Module 6
过去进行时
1. 基本概念
表示在过去某一具体时间内的某一持续性行为，即过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
常和表示过去时间的词组或从句连用。
2. 基本结构：be动词的过去式was/were＋现在分词
即：was/were＋doing
was用于第一人称及第三人称单数，were用于第二人称及复数。
3. 基本句型
肯定式：was/were +doing
I/She/He was workingon the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.
2点到4点我/她/他一直都在农场里干活。
否定式：was/were + not+doing
I/She/He wasn’tworking on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.
2点到4点我/她/他并不在农场里干活。
疑问式：把was/were放于句首。
—Were you/theyworking on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock?
2点到4点你/你们/他们一直都在农场里干活吗？
—Yes, I was./Yes,we/they were.
是的，我/我们/他们在干活。
—No, I wasn’t./No,we/they weren’t.
不是，我/我们/他们并没有在干活。
时间状语：at this timeyesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
4. 基本用法
（1）表示过去某时间正在进行的动作或持续的行为，常和表过去的时间状语连用。
I was doing myhomework at this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。
（2）可用来为另一个动作的发生提供背景。表示背景的句子通常用过去进行时，而另一个句子则用一般过去时。
He hurt his leg whenhe was riding a bike.
他在骑车时把腿摔坏了。
5.现在进行时和过去进行时的区别
表示说话时正在进行的动作用现在进行时。
I am writing aletter now. (am/is/are+doing)
Look! They arewaiting for you.
We are working ( work ) ona farm now.
Listen! Someone is knocking (knock) atthe door.
Lucy isn’t reading ( notread) at the moment.
Where are they?They are running (run)outside.
表示过去某时正在进行的动作要用过去进行时。
My parents werewatching TV at 8:30 yesterday evening.
I wasn’t doingmy homework when he called me.
6.一般过去时和过去进行时的区别
相同点：两者都表示过去发生的动作。
不同点：
过去时表示过去一个完成的动作。
过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，可能没有完成。
e.g. He read abook last night.
昨天晚上他读了一本书。（读完了）
He was readinga story book last night.
昨天晚上他正在读故事书。（还没有读完）