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【downloading是什么意思】2018年考研英语阅读重点长难句深度剖析二

研究生英语复习最困难的阶段在于基础的巩固。6月是奠定基础的重要时间点。小伙伴们在背单词的同时,不能忽视对长难句的理解学习。为此,小伙伴们要利用真题,加强对长难句的深度剖析,提高长难句的解读能力。

在此,小编整理出阅读真题的重点长难句剖析助力考生们更好的复习。

2012年考研英语真题长难句

结构相当复杂,同学们可以先自己尝试一下划分句子成分,看能否看懂基本意思。

This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active creation—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.

1.重点词汇及短语:

spark v. 引起,导致(=provoke);激发,激起

consumption n. 消费;消耗

【变】consume v. 消费;消耗

outcome n. 结果,后果

collective adj. (仅用于名词前)集体的,共同的,共有的

2.句子成分分析:本句为复合句,主干为This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret。从between开始是对war的修饰,包括between downloading and uploading以及破折号之后的between passive consumption and active creation。whose引导的定语从句在之后仍然是对war的进一步阐述,说明关注这种暗战的结果。we can only begin to imagine这一部分则是省略了引导词的定语从句,修饰ways。定语从句的引导词可以省略的情况有:引导词在从句中充当宾语,例如:The people (who, whom, that) I saw yesterday were from Japan;引导词在从句中作介词宾语,且介词在句尾,例如:Here is the man (that, who, whom) looking for;引导词在从句中作表语,例如:Shanghai is no longer the city (that, which) it used to be。

3.参考译文:原因在于联网的电脑引发了一场关于下载与上传——也就是关于被动的消费和积极的创造——之间的一场暗战。这场战争的结果会影响我们共同的未来,而其影响的方式,我们还只能想象。

2013年考研英语真题的长难句一

其中出现了动名词结构,以及目的状语从句,从句中有带有宾语从句。结构比较复杂,翻译的时候不容易表述清楚,非常值得拿出来专门学习一下。

In December 2010 America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track” (DNT) option to Internet browsers, so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed.

1.重点词汇及短语:

America’s Federal Trade Commission 美国联邦贸易委员会

propose v.【正式】建议,提议【用法】propose that…, propose doing sth.

Option 选项

Internet browser 互联网浏览器

advertiser n. 登广告者;广告商

2.句子成分分析: 句子的主干部分为...America’s Federal TradeCommission (FTC) proposed...。adding引导的动名词短语作proposed的宾语。 so that引导目的状语从句,在这一从句中,又包含一个由that引导的宾语从句,作tell的宾语。so that引导目的状语从句,意为“以便”、“为的是”,从句谓语通常用may (might) + v.或can (could) + v.。例如:They got up early so that they could catch the first bus.当so that 引导的从句表示否定意义时,从句谓语多用should + v., 此时so that 常译为“免得”、“以免”。例如: He looked down so that she should not see his eyes.注意,只有so that 从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,才可用in order to 或不定式短语替换so that.

3.参考译文:2010年12月,美国联邦贸易委员会建议在互联网浏览器上添加一个“禁止跟踪”的选项,使用户能够告诉广告商他们不想被跟踪。

2013年考研英语真题的长难句二

结构相当复杂,同学们可以先自己尝试一下划分句子成分,看能否看懂基本意思。

But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize,each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson.

1.重点词汇及短语:

recipient n.【正式】接受者,领受者

outgrow v.增长得比……快

collaborative adj. 协作的,合作的【变】collaborate v. 协作,合作

【用法】collaborate to do sth.,collaborate in (doing) sth.

demonstrate v. 证明,证实;示范,演示

inevitable adj. 不可避免的

acknowledge v. 承认,确认

2.句子成分分析:本句结构比较复杂,主干为...the Nobel Foundation’s limit...has long been outgrown...。of three recipients per-prize为介词短语作limit的后置定语。each of whom must still be living为定语从句,修饰recipients。破折号后的as引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面的主句。在该从句中,over who is ignored为介词结构,作row的后置定语,when引导时间状语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句时,可放在主句之前、主句之后或句中。若修饰的是整个主句,并对其进行说明,as之前通常有逗号。例如: Thanksgiving Day has been an international festival, as we know. As is a successful man, he makes a brilliant speech.

3.参考译文:然而,现代研究所具有的合作性早已使得诺贝尔基金会对于每个奖项最多只能颁发给三位获奖人且获奖人必须在世的限制变得不合时宜——在对希格斯玻色子的发现者进行认定时因“谁被忽视了”这一问题所产生的不可避免的争议就是很好的证明。

2014年考研英语真题的长难句一

结构相当复杂,同学们可以先自己尝试一下划分句子成分,看能否看懂基本意思。

On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness.

1.重点词汇及短语:

chancellor n. 财政大臣;校长

reform n./v. 改进,改革

indulgent adj. 纵容的,放纵的

subsidise v. 补贴,资助【变】subsidy n. 津贴,补助金

2.句子成分分析:句子开头的介词词组On first hearing为时间状语。 句子主干后的现在分词结构trying to...the better为定语,修饰chancellor。complete with...laziness作trying to...the better的伴随状语,其中,that引导定语从句,修饰system,demands和subsidises为定语从句的并列谓语。that引导定语从句,指代物时,一般可替换为which,但在下列情况下,只能用that:先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时;先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时;先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last等修饰时;先行词是并列结构,既有人又有物时;先行词为数词时;如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句,为避免重复,第二个定语从句用that。

3.参考译文:乍听上去,这是位有社会责任感的财政大臣,试图让生活变得更美好,同时对明显纵容失业者的体系进行了“改革”,该体系对新失业者找工作上的要求太少,助长了懒惰。

2014年考研英语真题的长难句二

句中出现的词汇量大,并列成分较多造成了结构复杂,同学们可以先自己尝试一下划分句子成分,看能否看懂基本意思。

For the time, attention, and money of the art loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.

1.重点词汇及短语:

classical instrumentalist 古典乐器演奏者

compete with 同……竞争

troupe n. 演出团,歌舞团

not only…but also… 不仅……而且……

Performance 表演,执行

Museum博物馆

Theater剧院

2.句子成分分析:本句的主干结构是...classical instrumentalists must compete not only with...but also with...。For the time, attention, and money of the art loving public是目的状语。句子结尾处的of the great classical musicians of the 20th century是介词短语作定语,修饰performances。介词短语常常用作后置定语,在这类定语中有许多是of引起的,可以表示:所有关系:the wealth of the nation;特征:a man of good temper;动宾关系:love of study;主谓关系:the growth of industry;同位关系:the city of Peking 除了of,还有一些介词可以引起短语作后置定语:地点:the table near the window ;时间:their activities during the holidays ;特征:the woman with a baby in her arms ;类属:a film about the life of workers

3.参考译文:为了得到艺术爱好者的时间、关注和金钱,古典乐器演奏者不仅要同歌剧院、舞蹈团、剧团和博物馆竞争,还要与20世纪伟大的古典音乐家录制的唱片竞争。

2014年考研英语真题的长难句三

句中出现的词汇量大,并列成分较多造成了结构复杂,同学们可以先自己尝试一下划分句子成分,看能否看懂基本意思。

“The Heart of the Matter,” the just released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.

1.重点词汇及短语:

release v. 公开,发布(=publish)

affirm v. 【正式】确认,证实(=confirm)

prosperity n. 昌盛,繁荣

【变】prosper v. 兴旺,发达

democracy n. 民主制度;民主政体

【变】democratic adj. 民主的;民主政体的

democrat n. 民主人士

Humanities 人文学科;humanism人道主义

2.句子成分分析:本句是一个主谓宾结构的简单句。主语The Heart of the Matter,后面的the just released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS) 为同位语,for引导的介词结构为原因状语。 原因状语的类型有:形容词作原因状语,如:Thirsty, he went to the teahouse for a drink first;介词短语作原因状语,如:I was overjoyed at the news of your success;分词短语作原因状语,如:Sent back home, the old man got to calm down;独立结构作原因状语,如:That being the case, we’ll have to reconsider the whole plan;从句作原因状语,如:I do it because I like it.

3.参考译文:《问题的核心》是美国人文与科学院刚刚发布的一份报告。这份报告值得称赞,因为它肯定了人文学科和社会科学对美国自由民主体制的繁荣与安定的重要性。

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